What are the early signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis as described in the chapter?

Early signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include joint inflammation, generalized weakness, fatigue, low-grade fever, anorexia, and slight weight loss. The upper-extremity joints, particularly the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, are often affected first, showing redness, warmth, stiffness, swelling, and tenderness.

In the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis, patients typically report joint inflammation along with systemic symptoms such as generalized weakness, fatigue, and low-grade fever. Anorexia and a slight weight loss of about 2 to 3 pounds may also occur. The initial joint involvement usually affects the upper extremities, particularly the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, which may appear reddened, warm, stiff, swollen, and tender to touch. The pattern of joint involvement is often bilateral and symmetric, and symptoms may migrate between joints.