What is the relationship between hypertension and coronary artery disease as described in the chapter?

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) as it disrupts the coronary artery endothelium, leading to a rigid arterial wall and narrowed lumen. This process contributes to a higher incidence of CAD, angina, and myocardial infarction (MI). Additionally, sustained high blood pressure can cause left ventricular hypertrophy, which may progress to heart failure, further complicating CAD.