Fundamentals of Nursing and Midwifery Research: A Practical Guide for Evidence-based Practice
Unknown
Second Edition
About this book
This book presents a unique approach to teaching the principles of health research using practical case studies with which nurses and midwives can engage to gain the skills to read and understand reports, evaluate the quality of research, synthesise different studies and be able to evaluate their effectiveness when applied to clinical practice. The book covers core concepts and principles, including the following:
- What evidence is and why understanding research is vital
- Finding reliable sources of evidence
- The nature of the research process
- Understanding quantitative and qualitative research
- Ethical considerations
- Using research to guide clinical practice
Throughout the book, activities, summaries and review questions help ground theory in real-life scenarios, showing how evidence-based practice can be applied in every aspect of nursing and midwifery care. It is designed for nurses and midwives, from those just beginning their studies to qualified practitioners undertaking their first research projects.
Questions & Answers from this book
Questions and answers are connected to the referenced book and its available source material.
Chapter 2: Locating evidence
How does the chapter describe the role of Human Research Ethics Committees in nursing and midwifery research?
Human Research Ethics Committees play a crucial role in nursing and midwifery research by ensuring that studies involving human participants adhere to ethical standards. They uphold principles such as research merit and integrity, beneficence and non-maleficence, respect for persons, and justice, which are essential for ethical research practices.
What is the significance of evidence-based practice for nurses and midwives according to Chapter 1?
Evidence-based practice is significant for nurses and midwives as it ensures that the care they provide is based on effective research findings. It is a professional requirement that helps them stay updated with current practices and meet the expectations of informed healthcare consumers.
What are the fundamental principles that should underpin all research involving human participants according to the chapter?
The fundamental principles that should underpin all research involving human participants are research merit and integrity, beneficence and non-maleficence, respect for persons, and justice.
Chapter 1: What is evidence and why do I need to understand research?
Chapter 5: Understanding qualitative research approaches
What are the basic approaches to qualitative research methodologies outlined in the chapter?
The basic approaches to qualitative research methodologies outlined include phenomenology, qualitative descriptive research, grounded theory, action research, case study, discourse analysis, ethnography, and narrative research. Each approach has its own focus and methodology, depending on the research aim and question.
What is the primary focus of phenomenology in qualitative research according to the chapter?
The primary focus of phenomenology in qualitative research is to understand the meanings of lived experiences of individuals in specific situations. It emphasizes exploring the similarities and differences in people's experiences regarding particular phenomena.
Chapter 6: Critiquing research
How can the quality of a journal be assessed according to the chapter?
The quality of a journal can be assessed by evaluating the credibility of its editor and editorial board, the peer review process, and its affiliation with recognized organizations. Additionally, factors such as quartile ranking and impact factor provide insight into the journal's quality.
What aspects should be described when critiquing data collection methods in a research study?
When critiquing data collection methods in a research study, it is essential to describe how the data collection methods were developed, distributed, and managed. Additionally, the timing and setting of data collection should be considered, along with the appropriateness of the methods for the research question and methodology.
How should the study design align with the research aim according to the chapter on critiquing research?
The study design should directly align with the research aim and methodology. It must clearly explain how the research was conducted and ensure that the data collection methods are appropriate for addressing the research question.
Chapter 7: Ethics and research in nursing and midwifery
What is the primary purpose of a scoping review in nursing and midwifery research as described in the chapter?
The primary purpose of a scoping review in nursing and midwifery research is to explore the breadth of research available on a topic and identify gaps in knowledge. Unlike systematic reviews that focus on the effectiveness of interventions, scoping reviews aim to uncover new research opportunities by providing a structured appraisal of broad topics.
What is the role of Human Research Ethics Committees (HRECs) in the research process?
Human Research Ethics Committees (HRECs) are responsible for ensuring that research involving human participants complies with ethical standards. They review research proposals, grant or deny approval, and monitor approved studies to protect participants' rights and welfare.
How are systematic and scoping reviews different as discussed in the chapter?
Systematic reviews and scoping reviews differ primarily in their objectives and methodologies. Systematic reviews focus on answering specific research questions about the effectiveness of interventions, while scoping reviews aim to explore the breadth of research on a topic and identify gaps in knowledge.
Chapter 8: Applying evidence in practice
Who is primarily responsible for the implementation of new knowledge into clinical practice according to the chapter?
Clinicians are primarily responsible for the implementation of new knowledge into clinical practice. They provide care and have direct contact with patients, making them key players in applying research-based evidence.
What are the three steps of the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model?
The three steps of the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model are practice question and project planning, evidence, and translation.
How can clinical practice guidelines assist healthcare professionals in decision-making according to the chapter?
Clinical practice guidelines assist healthcare professionals by providing evidence-based recommendations that help them make informed decisions and deliver optimal care in specific situations. These guidelines streamline the decision-making process by summarizing existing research and best practices, ensuring that care is based on the best available evidence.
Chapter 9: Writing effective reviews of literature
How does a scoping review differ from a systematic review according to the chapter?
A scoping review differs from a systematic review in that it aims to map the existing literature on a topic and identify gaps in research, rather than answering a specific research question with a detailed analysis of the evidence. Scoping reviews are more exploratory and less structured than systematic reviews, which focus on answering specific questions through rigorous methods and quality appraisal of studies.
What are the key components that should be included in the introduction of a literature review according to the chapter?
The introduction of a literature review should establish and explain the argument of the paper, define any relevant keywords or terminology, and provide necessary background to the topic. This section gives the reader an idea of the direction the review will take.
What are the two main themes identified in the scoping review regarding fatigue in nurses and medication administration errors?
The two main themes identified in the scoping review regarding fatigue in nurses and medication administration errors are shift work and its effect on the sleep cycle, and the hours worked by registered nurses (RNs).
Chapter 10: Sharing research
What are the key components that should be included in an abstract for a conference presentation according to the chapter?
Key components of an abstract for a conference presentation include: background information on the study, the study aim or objective, methodology details, key findings, interpretation of findings and recommendations, and a concluding sentence.
What are the key principles to consider when preparing a presentation according to Box 10.1?
Key principles for preparing a presentation include using cue cards for prompts, maintaining eye contact with the audience, speaking confidently with a varied tone, incorporating short pauses, rehearsing multiple times, and ensuring a relaxed demeanor. Additionally, it is important to keep slide content minimal, focus on one key idea per slide, and ensure readability and clarity in visuals.
Why is publishing research work important for researchers as mentioned in the chapter?
Publishing research work is important because it disseminates findings to a wide audience, enhances the researcher's credibility, and fulfills ethical responsibilities to share results with participants and ethics committees. Additionally, it contributes to the overall knowledge base of the profession.
Chapter 11: Research pathways for nurses and midwives
How does snowball sampling differ from simple random sampling as described in the chapter?
Snowball sampling differs from simple random sampling in that it relies on existing study participants to recommend future participants, creating a chain of referrals. In contrast, simple random sampling uses a random-number generator to select participants independently from the entire population.
What are the key components of a research proposal as outlined in the chapter on research pathways for nurses and midwives?
The key components of a research proposal include the title, abstract, introduction and background, study significance, literature review, research problem, aim and question, theoretical framework, and research design.
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